京津冀一次区域性暴雨特征分析

利用FNL再分析资料、卫星资料和自动站资料对2019年7月22~23日京津冀一次区域性暴雨过程进行了环流形势、卫星云图、动热力结构的分析。结果表明:此次暴雨发生在500hPa两槽一脊、副热带高压北抬、低空急流的大尺度环流背景下。西南方向的水汽输送和黄渤海的补充水汽为暴雨提供了良好的水汽条件,在河北中部的水汽辐合抬升则为暴雨提供了抬升条件。此次暴雨的产生受中尺度对流云团的连续生成合并影响,降水效率高。在暴雨中心整层表现为低层辐合、高层辐散,上升速度中心明显,使得高层的抽吸作用更强,更有利于上升运动的维持与发展,为降水强度增大提供了有力的动力条件,高空弱冷空气的入侵对能量锋区不稳定能量的释放起到了触发作用。     

Regional inequality: An analysis under the core–peripheral model

Desmet, Gumpert, and Ort?n have analyzed regional development using the Ricardian model or the Heckscher–Ohlin theorem. However, aspects such as consideration of combined wages, substitution elasticities, marginal costs, fixed costs, and number of companies were completely ignored. This study investigates the underdevelopment of regions in light of Krugman`s core–peripheral model. The extension of the model is intended to analyze the aspects that have so far been ignored and their influence on the benefits of the two regions. The following aspects characterize the model. Two regions with two sectors are considered for the model. The regions are characterized by different technological equipment. The first region is industrial. The second region has an agricultural character. When a new technology is available, both regions can benefit under certain conditions. The financial transfers lead to a convergence of wages.     

宁波市杉木优良家系区域性试验

１９５９年，将初选出的３５个优良家系作进一步的区域性试验，经过４ａ观测研究后认为．①６１号等８个家系，表现突出，在我市推广，增产明显，②选出的１７株优树，同初级良种相比，第４年增产１３８．２％，成熟期可望增产３７．７％，③杉木４ａ生时，进行选择是较为可靠的．     

沙棘定向培育的试验研究

在内蒙古克什克腾旗对引进和选优的沙棘品种进行了13年的区域性试验，筛选出无刺、高V-C型、高氨基酸型、大果等10个有较高经济价值的沙棘优良类型，在筛选的基础上，结合生化测定，在不同立地条件下，定向栽培，推广面积达3000hm^2。     

光照对鸡产蛋性能的影响及其机理研究——Ⅲ.光照对鸡大脑皮质电位的影响

选用22只“星杂579”成龄母鸡,以电生理方法观察了光照(30lx)及在麻醉状态下光照(30lx)和黑暗对其大脑皮质“Wulst”区电位的影响。结果,黑暗时的电位可因光照而抑制;注射氯胺酮麻醉后,电位明显变小,再给黑暗和光照,电位均没有变化。表明大脑皮质参与了光照对鸡的生理调节过程。     

基于GIS的中国小麦条锈病菌越夏区气候区划

 基于多年的气象数据(1980~2001年),首次从制约小麦条锈病菌越夏的温度因子入手,结合寄主小麦因素,利用地理信息系统(Geographical Information System,GIS),对我国小麦条锈病菌越夏区进行较详细的气候区划。本研究从温度条件上明确了全国适合小麦条锈病菌越夏的范围。研究表明,在我国小麦种植区适合小麦条锈病菌越夏的范围很广。其中甘肃、四川、云南、陕西境内适合越夏的地区是连成一片的,甘肃东部除了西边的几个县外其它地方7、8月份最高一旬均温在20~23℃,条锈病菌越夏困难;西藏、青海境内的小麦种植区几乎都适合小麦条锈病菌越夏;贵州境内适合越夏的地区可能和云南越夏区是一个整体。云南适合越夏的地区甚广,且地形复杂,需要进一步调查研究。     

Pharmacokinetics and effects of alfaxalone after intravenous and intramuscular administration to cats

AIMS: To determine the pharmacokinetics, and anaesthetic and sedative effects of alfaxalone after I/V and I/M administration to cats.

METHODS: Six European shorthair cats, three males and three females, with a mean weight of 4.21 (SD 0.53) kg and aged 3.8 (SD 0.9) years were enrolled in this crossover, two–treatment, two-period study. Alfaxalone at a dose of 5?mg/kg was administered either I/V or I/M. Blood samples were collected between 2–480 minutes after drug administration and analysed for concentrations of alfaxalone by HPLC. The plasma concentration-time curves were analysed by non-compartmental analysis. Sedation scores were evaluated between 5–120 minutes after drug administration using a numerical rating scale (from 0–18). Intervals from drug administration to sit, sternal and lateral recumbency during the induction phase, and to head-lift, sternal recumbency and standing position during recovery were recorded.

RESULTS: The mean half-life and mean residence time of alfaxalone were longer after I/M (1.28 (SD 0.21) and 2.09 (SD 0.36) hours, respectively) than after I/V (0.49 (SD 0.07) and 0.66 (SD 0.16) hours, respectively) administration (p<0.05). Bioavailability after I/M injection of alfaxalone was 94.7 (SD 19.8)%. The mean intervals to sternal and lateral recumbency were longer in the I/M (3.73 (SD 1.99) and 6.12 (SD 0.90) minutes, respectively) compared to I/V (0 minutes for all animals) treated cats (p<0.01). Sedation scores indicative of general anaesthesia (scores >15) were recorded from 5–15 minutes after I/V administration and deep sedation (scores 11–15) at 20 and 30 minutes. Deep sedation was observed from 10–45 minutes after I/M administration. One cat from each group showed hyperkinesia during recovery, and the remainder had an uneventful recovery.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Alfaxalone administered I/V in cats provides rapid and smooth induction of anaesthesia. After I/M administration, a longer exposure to the drug and an extended half life were obtained compared to I/V administration. Therefore I/M administration of alfaxalone could be a reliable, suitable and easy route in cats, taking into account that alfaxalone has a slower onset of sedation than when given I/V and achieves deep sedation rather than general anaesthesia.     

中国草地贪夜蛾的防控策略

草地贪夜蛾2019年已经在中国南方和周边国家的热带、南亚热带地区完成定殖过程。自2020年起,将在春、夏两季随季风向北逐代迁移进入中国长江流域、黄河流域和东北小麦、玉米等重要农作物主产区发生为害,形成对国家粮食生产安全的长期性威胁。作者基于对草地贪夜蛾生物学习性和发生规律的认识,借鉴中国棉铃虫等重大农业害虫防控的经验教训,提出了中国草地贪夜蛾防控工作"两步走"策略。在近年内,实施以化学防治、物理防治、生物防治和农业防治为主的综合防治技术体系,旨在解决短期内生产上草地贪夜蛾为害的应急管控问题。然后通过现代农业信息技术和生物技术的创新与应用,力争在3～5年的时间内构建和实施以精准监测预警、迁飞高效阻截和种植Bt玉米为核心的综合防治技术体系,实现低成本、绿色可持续控制目标,满足中国农业生产高质量发展和社会生态文明建设的战略性需求。